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Verifier Standard (VSTD)#

Portable, bounded, refutable evidence for computational claims.

Repository checks Latest release Python 3.10–3.13 License: Apache-2.0 Status: alpha

Acronyms used below: accessible pointed graph (APG); Anti-Foundation Axiom (AFA); application programming interface (API); artificial intelligence (AI); Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT); central processing unit (CPU); command-line interface (CLI); Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR); continuous integration (CI); conjunctive normal form (CNF); CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE); deletion resolution asymmetric tautology (DRAT); directed acyclic graph (DAG); grounded decision certificate (GDC); identifier (ID); intermediate representation (IR); Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF); JavaScript Object Notation (JSON); linear resolution asymmetric tautology (LRAT); machine learning (ML); nondeterministic polynomial time (NP); operating system (OS); Python Package Index (PyPI); reduced instruction set computer (RISC); satisfiability modulo theories (SMT); Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit (SHA-256); Supply Chain Integrity, Transparency, and Trust (SCITT); unsatisfiable (UNSAT); Verifier Standard (VSTD); YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML); ZIP archive format (ZIP); zero-identity/zero-knowledge (ZIZK).

VSTD is a verification-domain language and Python reference implementation for turning a bare computational result into an inspectable package: the exact claim, artifact, evidence, checking mechanism, limits, and conditions that could overturn it. It does not replace native domain verifiers, proof systems, signatures, identity systems, transparency logs, or provenance formats.

The shortest useful description is:

result + exact claim + evidence + mechanism + bounds + provenance + refutation route

VSTD evaluates bounded validity propositions about computational processes represented by software and evidence-bearing artifacts. It does not decide whether an actor is good, bad, reputable, or trustworthy, and translating or storing a result never strengthens it.

Current boundary: the repository contains usable reference paths for receipts, generic run capture, provenance Graphs, bounded certificate checking, artifact freezing and sealing, reproduction, and evidence-bound assessment. Some compatibility paths remain NOT_ESTABLISHED, and no real external witness, independent implementation, accreditation, or external adoption is claimed. See current maturity and claims and limits for the exact surface-by-surface boundary.

Normative specifications · 60-second quickstart · Implementation reference · Report an ambiguity or counterexample · Report a vulnerability privately

30–60 second demonstration#

Option 1: Instant Python inspection (from PyPI)#

python -m pip install "verifier-standard==1.5.0"
import verifier

print(verifier.__version__)        # '1.5.0'
print(verifier.__standard__)       # 'VSTD-5'
print(verifier.__standard_status__)# 'PROJECT SPECIFICATION; EVIDENCE-BOUND REFERENCE MECHANISM'

Option 2: The defensive CLI demonstration#

git clone https://github.com/TimeLordRaps/verifier.git
cd verifier
python -m pip install .
vstd demo

The side-effect-free demo runs four public adversarial specimens:

VSTD flagship adversarial demo
4/4 scenarios behaved as required.
[DEMO OK] Valid-looking proof, wrong artifact          → REJECTED
[DEMO OK] Bound exhausted without a false answer       → ACCEPTED/UNKNOWN
[DEMO OK] Inflated verification-cost claim             → REJECTED
[DEMO OK] Revoked ancestor behind valid descendants    → GRAPH-CANDIDATE-0

What are these four scenarios showing in practice?

  1. Wrong artifact (REJECTED): An attacker or buggy script presents a valid mathematical proof, but binds it to the wrong data file. VSTD catches the cryptographic digest mismatch immediately.
  2. Exhausted bounds (UNKNOWN): A complex calculation exceeds its allotted compute time or memory limits without finishing. Instead of guessing or falsely claiming success, VSTD cleanly preserves UNKNOWN.
  3. Inflated cost (REJECTED): An actor claims a verification step required \$1,000,000 of compute when it actually took minimal work. The proof-carrying receipt refuses the ungrounded cost claim.
  4. Revoked ancestor (GRAPH-CANDIDATE-0): A data pipeline produces seemingly valid outputs, but an upstream input or library version was later revoked. VSTD detects the corrupted lineage and alerts you.

[DEMO OK] means the expected defensive outcome occurred; it is not a VSTD PASS. The scenarios establish bounded behavior of this reference implementation over the included specimens. They do not establish empirical truth, complete provenance, external adoption, independent implementation, or general artificial intelligence (AI) safety. Use vstd demo --json for JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) output or vstd demo --emit-specimens PATH to inspect the generated files.

The 90-second mental model#

A normal tool may report PASS. VSTD asks what that word is allowed to mean:

claim ──checked against──> evidence
  │                           │
  └── bounded by ─────────────┤
                              v
                    named mechanism
                              │
                              v
                 PASS / FAIL / UNKNOWN
                    + limits + provenance
                    + refutation conditions

The native verifier still performs the domain work. VSTD records the exact boundary of that work so another person or program can inspect, replay, challenge, or reject it without silently receiving a stronger claim.

The core intuition: itemized receipt vs. green checkmark#

When you buy groceries, you do not just want the cashier saying "Payment approved" with no paper. You want an itemized receipt showing:

In software and artificial intelligence (AI), systems usually just give you a green checkmark or an exit code 0. But a green checkmark does not tell you:

VSTD is the cryptographic "itemized receipt" for computational claims. It pairs:

  1. The exact claim (the precise proposition being made, without inflating its scope).
  2. The cryptographic coordinates (Secure Hash Algorithm 256-bit (SHA-256) digests of exact inputs and outputs).
  3. The named mechanism (the exact tool, solver, or rule used to check the claim).
  4. The refutation conditions (the exact recipe an adversary or third party can use to prove the claim wrong).
  5. The honest verdict (PASS, FAIL, or UNKNOWN if compute ran out or evidence was missing).

Seven domain lenses: how VSTD fits your field#

<details> <summary><strong>1. For undergraduates, high schoolers, and self-taught coders</strong></summary>

Think of VSTD as a tamper-proof digital lab notebook. When you write a chemistry or physics lab report, you do not simply assert "the reaction succeeded." You record the initial mass, temperature, chemical purity, and measurement uncertainty. If your scale was uncalibrated or the thermometer went out of range, honest science requires recording "inconclusive" (UNKNOWN), not "success." Anyone grading your work can re-execute your code with vstd reproduce and mathematically prove the output files match the recorded fingerprints.

Tutorial & example: Your first receipt and runnable specimen examples/generic_run/. </details>

<details> <summary><strong>2. For Boolean satisfiability (SAT) and satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solver experts</strong></summary>

Modern SAT and SMT solvers output SAT or unsatisfiable (UNSAT). But in high-assurance formal verification, you never blindly trust the solver alone—you require an independently checkable proof witness, such as a deletion resolution asymmetric tautology (DRAT) or linear resolution asymmetric tautology (LRAT) certificate. VSTD standardizes how those proof certificates, conjunctive normal form (CNF) formula digests, variable bounds, and independent checker runs are packaged into an immutable JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) receipt that any external verifier can validate or dispute without repeating the nondeterministic polynomial time (NP) search.

Tutorial & example: Clausal proof precedents and executable certificate test tests/test_gdc_certificate.py. </details>

<details> <summary><strong>3. For compiler and systems engineers</strong></summary>

When building optimizing compilers, linkers, or reproducible build systems, a transformation pass claims that an intermediate representation (IR) rewrite preserves program semantics. VSTD turns that claim into a verifiable contract: it binds the input IR digest, output IR digest, translation-validation tool, target central processing unit (CPU) architecture, and operating system (OS) environment constraints. If an optimization cannot be proven semantics-preserving within resource limits, it fails closed or preserves UNKNOWN, preventing silent miscompilations from being promoted.

Tutorial & example: Seal an artifact and detect a change and Publish a silo package. </details>

<details> <summary><strong>4. For AI safety researchers and transfinite mathematicians</strong></summary>

When analyzing self-referential systems, ordinal bounds, non-well-founded belief graphs, or transfinite induction, claims operate at high levels of abstraction where subtle circular reasoning or silent domain upgrades can invalidate safety bounds. VSTD enforces strict stratified profiles (Profiles 1–5): a higher-profile result never supplies or repairs missing lower-profile evidence, self-attestation is never promoted to independent verification, and ungrounded induction steps fail closed.

Tutorial & example: Normative ladder and runnable adversarial suite examples/flagship_demo/. </details>

<details> <summary><strong>5. For intellidynamics and AI benchmarkers</strong></summary>

Automated agent evaluations and language model leaderboards are vulnerable to prompt leaking, test-set contamination, hallucinated citations, and stochastic scoring variance. VSTD transforms benchmark scores from unverifiable claims ("Model X scored 92%") into refutable evidence graphs: exact prompt digests, determinism bounds, random seed coordinates, frozen tool execution traces, and adversarial replay recipes that allow any third party to independently reproduce or falsify the evaluation claim.

Tutorial & example: Publishing a checkable benchmark number and examples/generic_run/. </details>

<details> <summary><strong>6. For deep mathematics and theorem provers (Lean 4, Metamath, and formal kernels)</strong></summary>

In formal mathematical ecosystems—such as hypermath (algebraic kernel, Lean 4 bridge), ordinatics (ordinal arithmetic, Veblen hierarchies), grounded-hyperset-theory (Aczel's Anti-Foundation Axiom (AFA), accessible pointed graphs (APGs)), and grounded-hypercalculi (stratified semantic reflection)—mathematical claims span multiple formal representations. VSTD provides the meta-verification envelope: it explicitly enumerates axioms (refusing ungrounded axioms or sorry escapes), binds the exact prover kernel binary digest, and composes heterogeneous formal proofs into a single refutation graph.

Tutorial & example: Grounded decision certificates and Normative VSTD-4 specification. </details>

<details> <summary><strong>7. For nanochemistry, molecular robotics, and mechanosynthesis (containment and anti-replication gates)</strong></summary>

In molecular dynamics, chemical reaction networks, and autonomous nanoscale robotics, molecular self-assembly poses an acute existential containment challenge: preventing runaway autocatalytic self-replication. A molecular simulation or automated design agent may claim a nanomechanical system terminates cleanly, but without bounded verification, unmodeled parasitic pathways or catalytic loops can trigger unbounded assembly. VSTD acts as a computational containment seal and automated synthesis gate: it cryptographically binds atomic coordinates, force-field potential parameters, stoichiometric mass-action matrices, and temperature/solvent bounds into an immutable receipt. A claim of "bounded non-self-replicating assembly" is paired with a refutation condition (exhibiting any viable catalytic reaction trajectory that exceeds critical branching thresholds). Robotic synthesis hardware can then enforce receipt verification before initiating chemical printing.

Tutorial & example: Artifact control and sealed containment and Publishing checkable computational receipts. </details>

The two independent axes#

VSTD has two independent axes:

ProfileOne claim asks…A collection asks…
1What was claimed and recorded?What artifacts and lineage were recorded?
2What exact surface was checked?What bounded collection surface was checked?
3What execution substrate is evidenced?Which provenance paths have substrate evidence?
4How can the result be refuted?Which transformations are refutable?
5Was an independent witness actually evidenced?Is corroboration evidenced across the network?

Three rules prevent most misreadings:

  1. Each profile answers a different question and needs its own evidence.
  2. A later-profile result cannot repair missing evidence for an earlier profile.
  3. UNKNOWN is a correct result when the mechanism, evidence, or bound is insufficient.

Choose the smallest useful starting point:

GoalStart here
Start from scratch with a beginner walkthroughNewcomer guide
See defensive behavior immediatelyRun vstd demo
Capture and reproduce one commandGeneric computation
Preserve and seal exact artifact bytesArtifact control
Browse exact stored component declarationsComponent hub
Understand the formal profile compositionNormative Ladder
Integrate or independently review the codeArchitecture map
Challenge an overclaim or ambiguous ruleIssue forms

What a result means#

VSTD result terms remain tied to one exact proposition, mechanism, evidence set, and bound:

ResultBounded meaningIt does not mean
PASSThe named mechanism established its declared proposition inside the stated coordinate and bounds.The proposition is universally or permanently true.
FAILThe mechanism found a checked violation, rejected certificate, or counterexample at the named surface.Every broader interpretation is false.
UNKNOWNAvailable evidence, capability, or resources did not establish PASS or FAIL.False, safe, unsupported forever, or “probably PASS.”
CONFLICTEDIncompatible evidence or assertions remain explicit.The conflict was resolved by choosing one side.
NOT_ESTABLISHEDThe evaluated path did not establish conformance: it may be a compatibility candidate, or required evidence, exact binding, mechanism availability, mechanism result, prerequisite, or profile floor was missing or non-passing.Conformance, readiness, or a weak form of PASS.

A VSTD PASS never means “true in the real world” without the exact real-world proposition and observation boundary being part of the checked claim.

Current maturity#

Use this summary before opening the exact matrix:

CategoryCurrent meaning
Usable reference pathsReceipts, generic run capture and reproduction, Graph recording, grounded-certificate checks, evidence-bound assessment, and artifact freeze/seal/thaw mechanisms are implemented within their documented bounds.
Mechanism-dependent pathsVSTD-4, VSTD-5, and Graph profiles above recorded lineage establish results only when their exact registered mechanisms rerun successfully over bound evidence.
Compatibility candidatesCandidate depth/profile calculations remain NOT_ESTABLISHED; caller-supplied references or ratings cannot create conformance.
Experimental integrationsThe workflow and Supply Chain Integrity, Transparency, and Trust (SCITT) profiles plus interoperability catalog, planning, graph-topology, and composed-untraversability paths remain non-normative. Strict geometry loading, modeled-surface analysis, and bounded platform comparison are supported, but the experimental surfaces grant no VSTD verdict and do not enforce confidentiality.
Not claimedAccreditation, consensus-standard status, external adoption, a second implementation, a real independent witness, or third-party security review.

<details> <summary><strong>Exact surface-by-surface matrix for reviewers and integrators</strong></summary>

“Implemented” applies only to the named reference surface. It does not imply adoption, external interoperability, certification, or a second implementation.

SurfaceNormative statusReference implementationEvidence bindingConformance statusMissing mechanism or evidence
VSTD-1Project specification with implemented reference subsetClaim receipts, checker reports, strict generic-run profile, inspection, and current-profile readsClaim coordinates, stable digests, mechanism descriptors, and declared provenance; actor separation is not inferredImplemented reference subsetExternal implementation and a validator binding distinct producer/checker actors and execution seams
VSTD-2Additive experimental project specificationTyped verification geometry, residuals, closure checks, schema, and testsGeometry and declared reconstruction evidence inside the receiptImplemented vertical sliceIndependent implementation and broader geometry interoperability
Interoperability catalog and surface planningSupported loading and analysis with experimental planning; not a receipt or numbered profileStrict VSTD-2 geometry loader, stable modeled-hole analysis and command-line diagnostics, frozen component descriptors and registry, exact candidate matching, deterministic nonexecuting plans, structural cross-geometry conflict diagnostics, and execution-readiness preflightAnalysis binds the typed geometry digest; plans additionally bind registry version and digest; conflict witnesses bind explicit shared propositions and exact geometries; readiness binds native inputs, planned evidence mappings, prerequisites, caller-supplied authorization, and mandatory reassessmentModeled diagnostics, plan-only candidate associations, declaration-bound structural conflicts, and preflight readiness only; no validation execution or new closureBoolean satisfiability analysis over declared geometry constraints, authorized component execution, bound result evidence, post-execution reanalysis, and independent interoperability results
Experimental graph topology and composed untraversabilityNon-normative experimental direct-submodule interfaces; not receipts or numbered profilesExact-graph-bound topology interpretation and finite observer-relative knowledge-hypergraph analysisTopology contracts bind graph structure, equations, temporal relations, and resource bounds; untraversability contracts additionally bind observer, interface, rule, completeness, evidence, and traversal coordinatesBounded diagnostic results only; no physical-causation inference, universal non-inferability proof, runtime mediation, confidentiality enforcement, authorization, or conformanceOpen-world inference completeness, independently qualified mechanisms, runtime observation and enforcement, and adversarial external interoperability evidence
VSTD-3Implemented project specificationTyped accelerator model, strict validator, emulator, offline adapters, continuity, fleet, and claim evaluationConditional on source-specific signatures, nonces, reference values, topology, events, and trust roots; host inventory remains weak evidenceImplemented reference surfaceVendor firmware integration, production trust roots, and complete-mediation evidence outside the emulator boundary
VSTD-4Project specification with implemented reference pathsgrounded decision certificate (GDC) parser/kernel, compatibility candidate depth, and evidence-bound establishment/recheckExact VSTD-1/2/3 and fourteen-rung propositions, content-addressed evidence bytes, mechanism implementation digests, trust roots, and boundsCandidate path NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establish conformanceIndependent implementation, external interoperability, and deployment-specific rung mechanisms/evidence
VSTD-5Project specification with implemented reference mechanismEvidence-bound entry gate, seven separation dimensions, exact admitted-certificate binding, corroboration checks, duplicate refusal, disagreement preservation, receipt build/recheckWitness coordinate, exact negative separation propositions, VSTD-4 commitment/certificate, checker, observations, mechanisms, trust roots, bounds, and embedded evidenceMechanism can establish a bounded result; a positive observation with unresolved independence remains overall UNKNOWN; no repository claim of a real independent witnessReal independent witnesses, second implementation, external attack, and operational interoperability
VSTD-Graph-1Project specification with implemented reference subsetContent-addressed artifacts, transformations, conflicts, policy queries, receipts, and recorded reachabilityBinds recorded objects and edges; it does not establish real-world completeness or causalityImplemented reference subsetIndependent implementation and external provenance-profile interoperability
VSTD-Graph-2Project specification with implemented reference pathsCompatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Bounded Collection Surface computation/recheckRegistered mechanisms rerun exact member, ancestor, and edge ratings bound to the Graph bytes, deduplicated members, collection, and claimCandidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound profile 1–5 path can establish; profile zero cannotExternal rating mechanisms, independent implementation, and interoperability
VSTD-Graph-3Project specification with implemented reference pathsCompatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Accountable Provenance Closure computation/recheckSame complete closure binding, including VSTD-3 rating propositionsCandidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establishProduction VSTD-3 rating evidence across a real collection
VSTD-Graph-4Project specification with implemented reference pathsCompatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Refutable Transformation Closure computation/recheckSame complete closure binding; an edge mechanism must actually check its refutability closureCandidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establishExternal closure mechanisms and independent replay
VSTD-Graph-5Project specification with implemented reference pathsCompatibility candidate plus evidence-bound Corroborated Verification Network computation/recheckExact VSTD-5 object and transformation rating mechanisms across the complete closureCandidate NOT_ESTABLISHED; evidence-bound path can establishReal independently corroborated collection, second implementation, and interoperability
Generic runVSTD-1 generic-computation profilePlan, execute, capture, inspect, strict shape/digest validation, declared-output rerun, and bounded cross-platform result comparisonCaptures command, source state, outputs, environment, and manifest declarations; platform comparison requires complete declared coverage and matching non-platform bindings; generic validation is not native claim verification or VSTD-4 conformanceImplemented VSTD-1 profile plus an additive diagnostic comparatorSandbox, generic external-evidence resolver, native-execution attestation, and actor/execution binder
Artifact freeze, seal, and thawNormative artifact-control mechanism; not a numbered VSTD or receipt profileExact regular-file byte preservation, dual-digest artifact identity, read-only guards, finite self-closing Ed25519 seals, external anchor checks, and copy-on-write thaw statusBinds artifact bytes, paths, media type, freeze manifest, carried key, signature, and optional expected artifact/key coordinatesImplemented mechanism version 1Durable external archive, privileged-write prevention, trusted time, encryption, semantic correctness, and realm/continuity verification
Experimental workflowNon-normative experimental profile 0.1Strict validator, verdict-neutral GitHub event projector, allocation records, and command-line interface (CLI)Preserves native platform results and explicit horizons with verification_effect = NONENo VSTD conformance claimIndependent consumer, additional platform adapter, and evidence for allocation optimality
Supply Chain Integrity, Transparency, and Trust (SCITT) interoperabilityExperimental, non-normative application profile and crosswalkReal local Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) plus CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE) signatures/receipt, loss-declared adapter, and adjacent native-result compositionBinds the exact payload under emitted test keys and local policy; registration never establishes payload truthVSTD-4 remains NOT_ESTABLISHEDPublic Transparency Service, external implementation/interoperability result, and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) review
zero-identity/zero-knowledge (ZIZK) artifact-first TRUSTGoverning VSTD architecture in standard/LADDER.md section 1.1; not a separate numbered profileHash-chained event serialization and offline replay, evidence-bound forward TRUST, typed ROT, challenge projection, reverse RUST, structural concentration, conflict resolution, explicit localization, and bounded diagnostic attributionExact Graph topology, proposition bindings, embedded evidence bytes, mechanisms, trust roots, bounds, and immutable historyImplemented reference mechanism; no universal support score or actor trustDomain-specific transfer/localization mechanisms, independent cross-implementation replay, complete trichotomy derivation, and maturation of optional proof backends
RISC Zero proof-carrying reference mechanismBounded non-normative mechanism example under the governing ZIZK architecturePinned prover/verifier source plus a tracked real receipt, public envelope, self-test result, and network-offline command that requires the tracked guest build and recorded proof to share one image identifierAuthenticates one fixed hidden-witness predicate and expected image identifier; it does not establish the witness's external truthNative proof verified; no VSTD receipt mappingIndependent build host, external audit, complete VSTD trichotomy predicate, and additional proof backends

</details>

The authoritative implementation-to-specification map is docs/ARCHITECTURE.md. Normative meaning remains under standard/.

Why VSTD exists#

Ordinary computational results often omit machine-readable answers to four questions:

  1. What exactly was claimed? Subject, predicate, parameters, scope, and limits.
  2. Which evidence supports it? Exact bytes, digests, mechanisms, provenance, and trust roots.
  3. Where does the verdict stop? Explicit coordinates, exclusions, and resource bounds.
  4. How can it change? Reproduction, counterexample, challenge, invalidation, and degradation rules.

VSTD packages that review boundary in receipts and provenance hypergraphs. The core design rule is:

No assurance is gained from storage location, field name, repetition, graph multiplicity, actor reputation, or propagation. Every increase must identify the verification mechanism that earned it.

Architecture#

Verifier Standard object and Graph numbered profiles, each requiring separate evidence for its closure coordinate

The five profile numbers are cumulative verification questions, not software versions, interchangeable layers, or assurance scores. The object axis evaluates one claim; the Graph axis evaluates a bounded collection and its recorded transformations.

A typical object traversal is:

VSTD-1 claim record
   → VSTD-2 bounded verification surface
   → VSTD-3 execution-substrate evidence
   → VSTD-4 portable refutation boundary
   → VSTD-5 evidence-bound witness corroboration

A later-profile result does not supply, imply, upgrade, or repair a prerequisite coordinate. Object profile depth N requires separate passing evidence for every required coordinate from 1 through N.

VSTD-Graph is orthogonal. It records artifacts, transformations, conflicts, lifecycle changes, and deduplicated reachability across a bounded collection. The compatibility graph_level calculation remains a NOT_ESTABLISHED candidate. Evidence-bound Graph establishment must rerun every required rating mechanism over evidence bound to the exact Graph, member set, collection, and claim. Profile zero never becomes established conformance.

Artifact support and diagnostic traversal#

The formal names TRUST, ROT, and RUST are semantic terms, not acronyms, actor ratings, scalar scores, numbered-profile verdicts, or references to the Rust programming language:

RUST identifies where reassessment should look; it does not by itself establish falsehood, causal localization, responsibility, BLAME, or GUILT. A separately registered localization mechanism must earn BLAME, and GUILT additionally requires an exact violated obligation. Neither result evaluates actor character. The replayable VSTD-GRAPH-ASSURANCE-1 event log binds its historical Graph, evidence, mechanisms, event chain, and derived current view.

Zero identity and zero unevidenced knowledge#

The zero-identity/zero-knowledge (ZIZK) artifact-first orientation is Governing VSTD architecture, not an optional research profile. Zero identity means zero identity-derived verdict weight, not anonymity. Architectural zero knowledge means zero unevidenced knowledge is presumed: unsupported propositions remain UNKNOWN.

When a witness must remain confidential, cryptographic zero knowledge can enclose that boundary only through a named proof system that binds the exact program, predicate, public commitments, output, parameters, and verifier without attaching TRUST to the prover's identity. A digest, encrypted file, or omitted input is not a zero-knowledge proof. The RISC Zero reference mechanism is one bounded optional backend under this governing architecture.

For exact ownership, dispatch paths, schemas, compatibility surfaces, and unimplemented horizons, use the architecture map and normative Ladder.

Install and use#

The distribution name is verifier-standard. The published base package has no required third-party runtime dependencies.

python -m pip install "verifier-standard==1.5.0"  # exact published release
python -m pip install .                            # current source checkout
python -m pip install ".[yaml]"          # YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML) manifests
python -m pip install ".[jsonschema]"    # JSON Schema validation
python -m pip install ".[seal]"          # optional Ed25519 artifact sealing
python -m pip install ".[scitt]"         # optional SCITT/COSE experiment

vstd is the canonical cross-platform CLI name. verifier remains a compatibility alias but can resolve to Windows Driver Verifier. verifiable is a permanent legacy alias because historical receipts may bind it in falsification instructions.

An unrelated PyPI distribution named verifier exports the same top-level Python import. Do not co-install it with verifier-standard.

Freeze, seal, verify, and thaw an artifact#

Freezing preserves exact regular-file bytes and portable paths. Sealing is a separate, readable authentication and closure action; it is not encryption. Generate an Ed25519 key with a suitable local key tool, then run:

openssl genpkey -algorithm Ed25519 -out ed25519-private.pem
vstd artifact freeze PATH ARTIFACT.vstd --media-type application/octet-stream
vstd artifact verify ARTIFACT.vstd --freeze-only
vstd artifact seal ARTIFACT.vstd --private-key ed25519-private.pem
vstd artifact verify ARTIFACT.vstd --expected-artifact-id EXPECTED_ID
vstd artifact thaw ARTIFACT.vstd MUTABLE_COPY
vstd artifact status MUTABLE_COPY --parent-bundle ARTIFACT.vstd

The finite seal signs the complete envelope with its signature and identifier fields explicitly empty, then derives the seal identifier over the signature-bearing envelope with only its identifier empty. Verification recomputes both projections, avoiding an infinite seal-of-seal regress. The carried public key establishes internal consistency; an expected artifact identifier, expected key identifier, or separately verified manifest/log coordinate is still required to detect whole-bundle substitution.

A freeze or seal establishes bounded integrity and closure only—not correctness, freshness, ownership, authorization, trusted time, external preservation, or actor trust. Thaw is copy-on-write: it creates a mutable descendant and leaves the sealed parent unchanged. Later THAWED_CLEAN or THAWED_DIRTY status requires that actual parent bundle, clean seal verification, and exact agreement with every sidecar parent coordinate. Without the parent, sidecar agreement remains NOT_ESTABLISHED. The sidecar's unkeyed hash does not prove that the historical copy occurred. A supplied parent establishes only internal consistency unless an expected artifact/key identifier or separately verified external log also supplies continuity. See the normative artifact-control mechanism and the architectural realm/time-capsule model.

Capture a generic computation#

A manifest contains an executable command. vstd run does not sandbox it. Inspect the plan first and execute only trusted manifests inside an appropriate operating-system or container boundary.

vstd plan examples/generic_run/manifest.json --json
vstd run examples/generic_run/manifest.json --output /tmp/vstd-receipt
vstd validate /tmp/vstd-receipt
vstd inspect /tmp/vstd-receipt
vstd reproduce /tmp/vstd-receipt --rerun

Generic validate checks the strict profile shape and stable-payload digest. It does not rehash external artifacts, resolve evidence references, rerun the command, or verify the recorded declaration as a native domain claim. reproduce --rerun separately executes the recorded command and compares declared output paths, digests, and execution outcome.

When a manifest's open refutation surface declares compatible platforms and explicit result surfaces, compare one receipt from each declared operating system:

vstd compare-platforms receipts/Linux receipts/Windows receipts/Darwin --json

Python reports macOS as Darwin. Newly captured platform-comparable receipts bind their Python implementation and machine identity into the canonical digest. Historical receipts without that additive binding remain valid records but cannot establish comparison. The comparator returns PASS only when every declared platform appears exactly once, canonical receipt integrity passes, non-platform claim, source, command, Python, machine-family, and mechanism bindings agree, and every declared result projection agrees. Comparable result disagreement is CONFLICTED; missing or non-comparable evidence is NOT_ESTABLISHED; malformed or internally contradictory evidence is INVALID. This is a comparison of supplied recorded results—not proof of universal portability, semantic correctness, native execution, or independent actors. Matching outputs alone do not establish environment equivalence or truth outside that scope.

Use the Python application programming interface (API)#

from pathlib import Path

from verifier.core.run import describe_run_plan, load_manifest

manifest_path = Path("examples/generic_run/manifest.json")
manifest = load_manifest(manifest_path)
plan = describe_run_plan(manifest, manifest_path.parent)
print(plan["command"], plan["executes_without_sandbox"])

The installed wheel contains byte-identical copies of every normative specification, so a verifier descriptor can retain its exact specification binding outside a source checkout. See the generated CLI and API reference.

Receipts, Graphs, and grounded certificates#

The grounded-certificate checker rejects over-budget headers before proof work, rejects cost-tier inflation, validates grounding before the decision block, and preserves UNKNOWN when a bound is exhausted. Kernel acceptance establishes only the bounded certificate result; it is not VSTD-4 conformance, evidence authenticity, external validation, or proof of the unobserved world.

Interoperability#

VSTD composes beside native systems rather than replacing them:

native object ──native verifier──> native result
      └──── exact bytes + identity ──> loss-declared adapter
                                           └──> VSTD claim boundary

The interoperability path connects strict loading and stable modeled-hole detection to an experimental domain-neutral component catalog and planner:

strict VSTD-2 JSON geometry
  -> typed valid geometry
  -> modeled-hole analysis
  -> exact catalog candidates
  -> nonexecuting validation plan
  -> nonexecuting execution-readiness preflight

Analyze the checked-in non-critical formatter geometry without executing a checker:

vstd surface analyze examples/verification_geometry_residual/geometry.json --json
vstd surface analyze examples/verification_geometry_residual/geometry.json --plan --json

The report is deterministic and bounded to the supplied geometry. A reported modeled closure state does not establish that the model includes every real-world obligation.

Run its harmless sorted-grocery-list example:

python examples/interoperability_planning/demo.py

The example reports two exact candidates and three unmatched self-closure holes while keeping plan_only = true, execution_performed = false, and the checker invocation count at zero. Here, validation names the future process of attempting to discharge verification-surface holes with bound execution evidence and then reassessing the geometry. This example only detects and plans: it cannot establish checker availability at execution time, a native result, ordinary or self-closure, safety, authority to act, critical-domain readiness, or VSTD conformance. Its registry version and digest are bound into the plan. --plan uses the first-party catalog's 19 exact entry points across 12 catalog grouping labels, but does not select or invoke them. Those labels organize first-party code; they are not 12 independent or native implementations and do not represent 12 demonstrated interoperability results. The experimental readiness preflight can reject missing or substituted native-input, evidence-output, prerequisite, authorization, and reassessment declarations, but it executes nothing and grants no authorization. Automatic execution and post-execution geometry reassessment remain unsupported. See the example boundary and output.

The experimental multi-geometry diagnostic compares only caller-declared shared propositions bound to exact geometry digests. It preserves explicit VERIFIED versus FALSIFIED disagreement and declared dependency cycles as reproducible structural conflict witnesses; absent identity or an indeterminate judgment remains NOT_ESTABLISHED, and malformed input is INVALID. It does not perform Boolean satisfiability analysis, infer that similarly named claims are equivalent, or establish physical truth, safety, conformance, or authority.

The separate experimental graph-topology checker binds explicit simultaneous Boolean equations and clock-relative backward-time relations to existing graph ports. It reports structural features and bounded consistency separately, retains paradox candidates without inferring their truth, and does not bypass cyclic-assurance admission. The non-critical specimen exports matching inspection documents.

The experimental composed-untraversability interface evaluates whether a declared protected fact is reachable by one finite observer through the complete set of interfaces and inference rules supplied in an exact VSTD Graph contract. A higher-order interface can expose enough structure to control a computation while still forbidding a declared path to lower-order protected knowledge, but that boundary is assessed over the composed Graph rather than inferred from any interface in isolation. A bounded result does not establish open-world non-inferability, continuous awareness tracking, runtime enforcement, authorization, actor attribution, or universal confidentiality.

Operating-system evidence is tracked per component in the platform interoperability matrix; support for one portable Python path does not transfer to a native prover, verifier, solver, or adapter. The linked machine-readable contract records configured test intent, not a hosted pass; exact-run artifacts must bind its digest and the current catalog digest before a platform claim can be evaluated.

Two executable non-critical relationship geometries are documented under interoperability compositions: a bounded proof-producing Boolean solver whose exact refutation bytes feed a separate proof checker, and the existing adjacent VSTD plus Supply Chain Integrity, Transparency, and Trust (SCITT) composition. Both retain native results and negative paths; neither establishes actor independence, external interoperability, or safety.

The experimental SCITT profile uses real Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) and COSE signatures and a local inclusion receipt. It demonstrates exact payload carriage and adjacent verification under test keys. The example rejects drift from its three pinned runtime distributions and records the installed scitt-cose version and exact statement/receipt verification entry points, while explicitly leaving package authentication, producer provenance, and independent implementation unestablished. SCITT registration proves neither payload correctness nor VSTD conformance. See the crosswalk, semantic boundary, and runnable example.

The ecosystem map separately covers adjacent provenance, software-supply-chain, signing, and transparency systems without implying endorsement or adoption.

Specifications and navigation#

Read authoritative material in this order:

  1. Verification complex, terminology, and profile composition
  2. Object and Graph numbered-profile documents
  3. Serialized receipt identifiers
  4. Published schemas
  5. Implementation ownership
  6. Claims and limits

Additional entry points:

GoalDocument
Install and exercise the first-run pathQuickstart
Decide whether VSTD fits a situationTypical use cases
Seal a directory and detect a change to itSeal an artifact
Publish a rebuildable snapshot of a body of workPublish a silo
Use the supported Python exports by taskPython API guide
Understand terminology and precedentsConcepts and precedents
Inspect abbreviated termsAcronyms
Review experimental profilesExperiment index
Understand human claim traversalHuman operating guide
Inspect project direction and non-goalsRoadmap

Reproducibility and releases#

A release contains a canonical artifact set: ZIP archive format (ZIP), wheel, source distribution, and external manifest bound to the exact public Git commit and file members. At the version 1.5.0 source coordinate, the continuous integration (CI) workflow builds the artifact set on Linux, Windows, and macOS and rejects cross-platform byte differences. It also captures and reruns the portable generic example on three GitHub-hosted operating-system virtual machines, then requires a bounded PASS over the three receipts. GitHub artifact attestations bind uploaded bytes to the workflow; they do not establish source correctness, tag identity, or adoption.

gh attestation verify PATH_TO_DOWNLOADED_ASSET --repo TimeLordRaps/verifier

Use RELEASING.md to verify the manifest, tag, artifact attestations, package name, and historical compatibility. Version 1.5.0 is the current release, published on 2026-09-18; use its versioned release page for published citation and artifact coordinates.

Claims, security, and contribution#

Review claims and limits before publishing a VSTD result. The reference implementation may improve auditability, reproducibility, incident analysis, and challenge routing over observable records. It cannot prove general AI safety, reveal hidden model state, establish physical-world completeness, or compensate for missing instrumentation.

vstd run executes manifest commands without sandboxing. See the security policy and use GitHub private vulnerability reporting for sensitive findings.

Contributors should start with CONTRIBUTING.md, which identifies normative, implementation, schema, adapter, test, compatibility, and release pathways. Use the issue forms for a specification ambiguity, counterexample, or implementation/interoperability report.

Project authority and centralization are documented in GOVERNANCE.md. Automated-contributor rules live in AGENTS.md; the human operating model in HUMANS.md; and live repository contradictions only in TIME.md.

Citation and license#

Cite a published release from its versioned GitHub release metadata or CITATION.cff at that tagged coordinate. Do not cite unreleased candidate metadata as a published release.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0; see NOTICE. VSTD is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Apache Software Foundation.