`ComparatorChallenges/PartitionPrinciple.lean`

Explanation legend Lean4 Domain Explanation Language (L4DEL)

L4DEL explanations are a separate layer. They do not change the Lean source. Intuition is explanatory prose; numbered items are a reading path; sources link the wording back to evidence.

L4DEL: Lean4 Domain Explanation Language

Annotation provenance. This overlay contains 120 curated AI-written annotations and 1273 mechanical source-derived annotations. They have not been human-reviewed as explanations; treat them as unverified and not mathematical authority. Retained generation history: The 9 original curated annotations were produced in a Claude Sonnet 5.5 session at medium effort; Claude Opus 5.5 is recorded in that session as the advisor model, not the direct author. Those 9 annotations were revised on 2026-10-14 to bind all of them to exact page-one quotations from 6 pinned OpenAI manuscripts, the matching pinned formalization notes, and named historical primary sources; no human review is claimed, and the exact runtime model identifier was not exposed to the artifact generator. The 3 manuscript-grounded matrix-multiplication annotations were composed from pinned OpenAI manuscripts and named historical sources in a Codex session on 2026-10-14; no human review is claimed, and the exact runtime model identifier was not exposed to the artifact generator. Six additional target-specific annotations for Catalan's constant, the irrationality exponent of pi, dyadic Erdos similarity, Unique Games, quintic Lienard systems, and Yau nodal growth were composed from pinned OpenAI manuscripts, exact page-one quotations, exact Lean statements, and named historical sources in a Codex session on 2026-10-14; no human review is claimed, and the exact runtime model identifier was not exposed to the artifact generator. Four additional target-specific annotations for Seymour's second-neighborhood conjecture, Cannon's conjecture, Koebe circle-domain uniformization, and circle-domain rigidity were composed from 4 pinned OpenAI manuscripts, exact page-one quotations, exact Lean statements, and named historical primary sources in a Codex session on 2026-10-14; no human review is claimed, and the exact runtime model identifier was not exposed to the artifact generator. Four additional target-specific annotations for simple Lebesgue spectrum on the three-torus, Rokhlin multiple mixing, the nine-dimensional Borsuk counterexample, and Tingley's sphere-isometry problem were composed from 4 pinned OpenAI manuscripts, exact page-one quotations, exact Lean statements, and named historical primary sources in a Codex session on 2026-10-14; no human review is claimed, and the exact runtime model identifier was not exposed to the artifact generator. Four additional target-specific annotations for the Abhyankar-Sathaye counterexample, the circulant Hadamard conjecture, the Eilenberg-Ganea counterexample, and short Egyptian fractions were composed from 4 pinned OpenAI manuscripts, exact page-one quotations, exact Lean statements, and quotations from Sathaye, Turyn with Storer, Eilenberg with Ganea, and Erdos in a Codex session on 2026-10-14; no human review is claimed, and the exact runtime model identifier was not exposed to the artifact generator. Four additional target-specific annotations for the complete Crouzeix inequality, unrestricted Euclidean five-coloring, the general Mahler conjecture, and Thompson F nonamenability were composed on 2026-10-14 from exact Lean statements, 4 pinned OpenAI manuscripts, the matching formalization notes, and linked historical sources by Crouzeix, de Grey, Mahler, Cannon, Floyd, and Parry; no human review is claimed. Four additional target-specific annotations for algorithmic strong thin trees, Barnette's Hamiltonian-cycle conjecture, the explicit Artin CAT(0) counterexample, and generalized amplitude-damping capacity were composed on 2026-10-14 from exact Lean statements, 4 pinned OpenAI manuscripts, matching formalization notes, and linked historical sources by Anari with Goddyn, Arts with Hopman and Timmermans, Charney, and Khatri with Sharma and Wilde; no human review is claimed. Fourteen solution-level annotations for Seymour's second-neighborhood theorem were added on 2026-10-14 from the pinned 15-page manuscript, covering the exact-neighborhood model, minimal-counterexample reduction, subset deficit, transitive blowup, pruning, extremal contradiction, and proof-bearing final theorem. The subset and blowup annotations also bind exact quotations from Tyler Seacrest (2019) and Brantner, Brockman, Kay, and Snively (2009); no human review is claimed. Thirty-seven declaration-level annotations were added on 2026-10-14 for the rest of ComparatorChallenges/AlgorithmicThinTrees.lean, covering its multigraph semantics, stack-machine cost model, explicit and binary-multiplicity encodings, output certificate, and complete algorithmic proposition. They are bound to the pinned OpenAI manuscript and linked earlier thin-tree sources by Luis Goddyn, Nima Anari, and Shayan Oveis Gharan; the annotation explicitly preserves that the concluding comparator theorem still has body by sorry, and no human review is claimed. Thirty-one supporting declarations in ComparatorChallenges/UniqueGamesTheorem.lean were upgraded or added on 2026-10-14, completing curated coverage of all thirty-two declarations in that file. The annotations cover the finite game model, Boolean formula and parser, binary-vector translations, explicit output serialization, finite-alphabet machine contract, and gap theorem; they distinguish manuscript-backed mathematics from Lean-specific canonical parsing and unary game output encoding, bind exact OpenAI manuscript quotations, and credit Subhash Khot through his 2010 survey. The comparator theorem remains explicitly labeled as having body by sorry; no human review is claimed. The source-derived generator was hardened on 2026-10-14 so a formalization note covering multiple comparator results no longer copies its combined Scope prose onto each declaration; those targets now use declaration-specific source comments when available and otherwise remain explicitly bounded to the exact Lean statement. The remaining source-derived annotations were generated mechanically from pinned formalization notes and source comments by tooling developed in a GPT-5.6 Sol session at ultra reasoning; GPT-5.6 Sol did not originate the source prose.

Credit: OpenAI's pinned repository says an unreleased internal model produced the manuscripts and supporting proof artifacts. The collection builds on the mathematics community's accumulated problems, results, language, and formal libraries; each manuscript's BibTeX and bibliography are the authority for individual scholarly credit.

Project sources: Pinned openai/math documentation, Pinned formalization catalogue

51 declarations, 1 contain sorry, 0 declared as axioms

inductive OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula line 9
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:9 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.extend line 18
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:18 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.Realize line 21
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:21 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.ex line 28
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:28 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.disj line 30
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:30 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.imp line 32
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:32 (same declaration text).
inductive OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula line 36
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:36 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.imp line 47
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:47 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.disj line 49
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:49 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.exMem line 51
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:51 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.toFormula line 54
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:54 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.singletonFormula line 61
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:61 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.unorderedPairFormula line 64
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:64 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.orderedPairFormula line 67
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:67 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.pairMembershipFormula line 72
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:72 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.relationBetweenFormula line 75
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:75 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.functionFormula line 78
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:78 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.nonemptyFormula line 83
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:83 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.choiceFunctionFormula line 85
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:85 (same declaration text).
structure OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.TransitiveGround line 92
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:92 (same declaration text).
structure OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.InjectionCode line 96
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:96 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.TransitiveGround.groundEmbeddable line 106
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:106 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.setTransitive line 110
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:110 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.ordinalSetProperty line 112
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:112 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.TransitiveGround.groundPower line 121
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:121 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.GroundBelow line 126
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:126 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.GroundCardinal line 129
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:129 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.CofinalFunctionCode line 132
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:132 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.GroundCofinalRegular line 136
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:136 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.GroundCardinalStrongLimit line 139
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:139 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.GroundStandardInaccessible line 142
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:142 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.extensionality line 148
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:148 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.foundation line 153
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:153 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.emptySet line 157
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:157 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.pairing line 159
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:159 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.union line 164
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:164 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.powerSet line 169
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:169 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.SeparationSchema line 174
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:174 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.CollectionSchema line 179
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:179 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.emptySetFormula line 186
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:186 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.successorFormula line 188
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:188 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.infinity line 192
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:192 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.choice line 196
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:196 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.ReplacementSchema line 200
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:200 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.finiteZFAxioms line 207
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:207 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.ZFRealization line 211
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:211 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.injectionFormula line 220
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:220 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.hasInjectionFormula line 229
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:229 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.BoundedFormula.surjectionFormula line 238
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:238 (same declaration text).
def OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.partitionPrinciple line 246
Also declared: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Model.lean:246 (same declaration text).
theorem OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.TransitiveGround.exists_model_partitionPrinciple_without_choice Challenge statement: Partition Principle without Choice from a ground model sorry line 262
L4DEL explanation
This declaration is an exact comparator-selected statement. Read the Lean statement below for its mathematical content.
1. The linked formalization note covers 2 distinct comparator results, so its combined Scope prose is not copied onto this declaration.
2. The repository's comparator configuration selects OAI.SetTheory.PartitionPrinciple.Main as the released solution module checked against this declaration.
Sources and attribution: Pinned Lean source (fd4aeeb2ee4f)
Distinct definitions of this name: OAI/SetTheory/PartitionPrinciple/Models/Separation.lean:34 (same statement text; different proof or body). Qualify references as OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.TransitiveGround.exists_model_partitionPrinciple_without_choice@path.
```
theorem exists_model_partitionPrinciple_without_choice
    (pairing : Realize M.sets SetFormula.pairing Fin.elim0)
    (unions : Realize M.sets SetFormula.union Fin.elim0)
    (powers : Realize M.sets powerSet Fin.elim0) (separation : SeparationSchema M.sets)
    (collection : CollectionSchema M.sets) (infinite : Realize M.sets infinity Fin.elim0)
    (choice : Realize M.sets SetFormula.choice Fin.elim0)
    (small : M.sets.Countable)
    {K : ZFSet.{u}} (hK : K ∈ M.sets) (standard : GroundStandardInaccessible M K) :
    ∃ N : TransitiveGround.{u}, M.sets ⊆ N.sets ∧ ZFRealization N.sets ∧
      Realize N.sets partitionPrinciple Fin.elim0 ∧
      ¬ Realize N.sets SetFormula.choice Fin.elim0 := by
…
```
Mentions: OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.pairing, OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.union, OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.SetFormula.choice, OAI.PartitionPilot.Forcing.GroundStandardInaccessible